The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1588 Words

The spark flickers, then dies out, borne on lofty winds to extinction. The rocks strike again, and a flame leaps into the craggy logs, illuminating the faces of humanity’s ancestors. Humans have always changed, through the evolution of species, thoughts, and ideas. A significant change was wrought by the new immigrants to America, and as they settled in the budding New World. In many pieces of literature from this period, the change in American culture was reflected through the words of authors, often leaving clandestine clues to the nature of American society. Throughout the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, the emergence of a new American belief system was represented by three of the main characters. Pearl, who was capricious and tempestuous, was synonymous with the flighty nature of immigrants to the new land. Dimmesdale, who demonstrated the trials of salvaging purity, showed the changing nature of religion, and Hester, the ever prideful, represented the struggles of governance within America. Hester’s little Pearl, born of sin and temptation, is representative of the hopeful immigrants into America. Though none of them knew it, their spirit and opportunities would lead them to defy authority and mark their own destinies, just as the young, impish child would grow to walk her own path towards choice. Hester, the mother of Pearl, is the ever watchful sentry. Her assimilation to the government and authority is blatant, as she tries to rein in a fleeting daughter, andShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

The Overpopulation Of The World s Population - 1656 Words

Many people believe that today the world s population is already too large for everyone to live comfortably. Let us brainstorm for a while. According to the UN, we are living in the era of the most intense growth of urbanization. Right now, when the level of urbanization is quite high, the remains of the rural population of the planet dramatically swept into the city. Everyone knows that the urban life style helps to reduce the birth rate to a subthreshold level. This means that neither sharp jump nor sharp plummet is expected. If one opens the demographic map, one will see that Asia accounts for half the world s population! The largest in terms of population countries are India and China, which together have 3 billion people. Despite many people believe the overpopulation to be an issue, this problem is considered to be fake just as well as global worming which is claimed to be a natural process. Konstantin Marsov claims The current Voloshyn 3 population of the Earth is only a 5% o f the territory. And if we do not take into account not suitable for human habitation natural areas - deserts, jungles and taiga, is still a lot of space. According to some projections, the growth of the world s population will stop somewhere in the second half of the XXI century. But by that moment it can reach 10 billion. In one of the most crowded countries in the world, in China, the population density is 139.5 persons per square kilometer which one may consider high, butShow MoreRelatedOverpopulation : Preserve The World1291 Words   |  6 Pages Overpopulation: Preserve The World If there was a way to have a better life for you and your loved ones would you take it? Or would you rather not take the opportunity and struggle throughout the rest of your life, this will happen by world overpopulation. In the past, Overpopulation started out from the baby boom which increased the birthrate, and according to Ewan Mcleish the author of â€Å"Overcrowded World, (16)† he stated that it made 40% of the national population. Today, overpopulation is aRead MoreChina And Indi Driving Forces Of Overpopulation712 Words   |  3 PagesEmre Can AydÄ ±n Writing Assignment 104A 03/15/2015 China and India: Driving Forces of Overpopulation According to BBC, India s population reached nearly 1.21bn (India census: population goes up to 1.21bn). China is also has the population of 1.36bn according to Chinese Government (China Statistical Yearbook-2014). That s almost the half of the Earth s population. There are negative outcomes of this situation like poverty, depletion of resources and disturbed cultural structures. ActuallyRead MoreThe Biggest Crisis We Face Today : Human Overpopulation1218 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Overpopulation There are many causes for overpopulation than just increasing numbers of people. Modern technology, improved medicine, more opportunities to get out of poverty, low fatality rates, immigration, and the lack of family planning (Rinkesh); all lead to overpopulation. Earth is home to 7.2 billion people. A research of 2015 (infoplease) shows that most of the world s population lies with the two largest countries in Asia: China and India. As of the last study of the world s populationRead MoreThe Effects Of Human Overpopulation On The Environment1242 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Human Overpopulation on the Environment â€Å"Can one apple slice feed the world?† If the world were an apple, farmland would only be one very thin slice. The growing population on this Earth has some serious questions that it needs to consider as a whole. How are we all going to eat with eight billion mouths to eat? Farmers have an interesting proposition, they need to feed a growing population with very little land. Overpopulation also has negative effects on the earth through pollutionRead MoreThe Problem Of Overpopulation And Overpopulation872 Words   |  4 PagesHuman overpopulation. Human population can be defined as the condition whereby, the total count of the human inhabiting a certain area exceeds the carrying capacity of the area Bongaarts, (2011). This brings out an issue of the carrying capacity of the region which alludes to the number of individuals who can inhabit a certain area for a given period. It may also be looked at as the situation whereby the available renewable resources in a certain area can satisfactorily support the current populationRead MoreOverpopulation1587 Words   |  7 Pages The population of Earth is estimated to be seven and a half billion, and the current growth rate per year is around eighty million. Since the world’s population is constantly growing at such a high rate, some people believe that it will lead to the downfall of the human race, while others think it is beneficial to continue on this path. The ongoing debate on world overpopulation allows many different people to offer their unique opinions, such as Erle C . Ellis, Joel Kotkin, Robert Walker, and AlonRead MoreEssay On Overpopulation1030 Words   |  5 PagesHuman overpopulation occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group. Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing when a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of nonrenewable resources or given the degradation of the of the environment to give support to the population. Overpopulation is a problem that needs to be solved. Concern about overpopulationRead MoreA Great Matter Of Concern Today Or Just A Bust?1667 Words   |  7 PagesToday or Just a Bust? While India is on the verge of being the most populated country. While the third world countries are deprived of their resources rapidly. People in the United States have to say that the problem of over population has been curbed and infant production rate controlled. Recently, one of the commentators in prominent U.S. publication declared that the population boom is a bust. Whether it is actually a bust now or is it still standing as a matter of great concern? Read MoreOverpopulation : We Must Figure It Out For Save The World Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pages Overpopulation: We Must Figure It Out to Save the World It may not be something you think about often, but human population growth is a big issue in our world today and this problem needs to be solved in the future to save our planet. Overpopulation is a condition that will be in effect if the population exceeds the carrying capacity on Earth. The carrying capacity is the peak population that can sustain human life on Earth. It is uncertain what Earth’s carrying capacity is for the human raceRead MoreGlobal Overpopulation And Its Effects On The Population1260 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Overpopulation Controllable Or Inevitable Global overpopulation is an extremely broad topic that represents exactly what one would think, the overpopulation of the entire globe. Though global overpopulation is broad topic, there are many key factors that aid in the increasing total population. Some factors are more effective than others, but the most altering factor is the percentage of fertility. The direct connection between reducing the population is through pregnancy rates. There are

Standards for Perioperative Nursing

Question: Discuss about the Standards for Perioperative Nursing. Answer: Appendicitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the appendix. It is stipulated that the appendix is functionless in the human body. However, it performs insignificant immunological functions, and for this reason, one can survive without one. It usually fills with food substances and often empties to the cecum. In some cases, it empties ineffectively, and thus its lumen may be occluded causing obstruction, inflammation and vulnerable to infection. This condition is referred to as appendicitis (White Duncan, 2013). Appendicitis causes acute abdomen, and it is among the leading causes of emergency abdominal surgeries in Australia. It causes a progressively severe generalized pain that becomes localized in the right lower quadrant at the location of the appendix. The inflamed appendix may become infected and fill with pus (Bowen, 2015). At this point, an emergency surgery is needed to prevent its perforation and rupture that usually occurs 24 hours after onset may result in perit onitis pelvic abscess, subphrenic abscess, and paralytic ileus. The clinical manifestations that ensue from the pathology include low-grade fever, nausea, and vomiting. Rebound tenderness is also experienced upon application of pressure at the McBurneys point (Buja, Netter Krueger, 2014). Various risk factors are attributed to the development of the condition. Children and young adults aged below the age of 30 years are at a higher risk for the other populations. A positive family history may also increase the risk of one developing the condition. A review of the patient is significant in determining the course that is taken after surgery. Assessment and various diagnostic approaches are used. Physical examination is one of the most common initial approaches to prognosis. As well, the radiological findings such as x-ray, ultrasounds and computed tomography (CT) scan may be used as confirmatory assertions (Hamlin et al. 2011). As stipulated by Hogan (2014), the medical management of the side effects involves administration of drugs. Administration of pain relieving medication is contraindicated before a definitive prognosis is made. As pointed out by Brady (2014), administration of such medications may mask the symptoms of the condition leading to the misrepresentation and progression of the condition such that timely interventions are not provided leading to complications that ensue from its rupture. Intravenous fluids and antibiotics are administered after the surgery to prevent dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and infectio n. Prophylactic empirical therapy is offered in case of any rupture and peritonitis. Nursing care must be adhered strictly to avoid episodes of deterioration. The priority nursing intervention should be to alleviate the severe abdominal pain experienced following the surgical procedure (Rebeiro Hunter, 2013). Other related goals include ensuring no fluid volume deficit as well as electrolyte imbalance occurs. On the other hand, anxiety is a common occurrence in any disease. The presence of a wound might evoke thoughts that can alter the perception of the patient about the condition. This can be as a result of unknown prognosis and intervention outcome for the patient and family. Therefore it is the role of a nurse also to alleviate anxiety. At this state, the patient is at a high risk of developing gastrointestinal infections, and it can be prevented through the implementation of various interventional strategies including the administration of administered prophylactic antibiotics. Other measures can also be taken depending on the need of the patient to prevent any actual or potential gastrointestinal disruption. Skin integrity should also be maintained by ensuring adequate hydration of the patient and repositioning after every 2 hours of hospitalization. The patient needs bed rest to enable the normal physiological functioning to take root making the skin to be under pressure especially when not changing positions due to fear of inflicting pain on the surgical site. Recuperation after the surgery depends on the care that is provided before the procedure. Preparation of the patient for surgery is paramount in ensuring that affirmative prognoses are realized postoperatively. It is done by a nurse in collaboration with other multidisciplinary team members (Australian College of Operating Room Nurses, 2014). It is recommended that nothing should be consumed per oral by the patient as it is expected that general or spinal anesthesia is to be used during an appendectomy. As well, it is meant to reduce further irritation of the intestinal area. Hyperthermia is one of the nursing diagnoses that are often made preoperatively, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions can be used in the regulation of the patients temperature. The nurse is also expected to monitor vital signs to identify any changes in temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate and blood pressure to figure out how to normalize them. The pain level is assessed from time to ti me. Pain is a significant indicator of the progression of the condition and for this reason, use of pain relieving medication before surgical intervention is highly contraindicated (DiGiulio Keogh, 2014). Postoperative care must incorporate management of actual and potential risks. Alleviation of signs and symptoms can be established depending on the presenting signs of the patient. A multi-professional approach is vital in ensuring a vibrant care is accorded. The nurse determines the psychological needs of the patient and reinforces the use of coping strategies after the surgical experience. This is done by establishing baseline data that can also be used for comparison during and after the surgery. The nurse also identifies the prescription, overt the counter and other medications used that may have an impact on the surgical intervention to the patient condition. Cultural factors that may influence the post-surgical therapy of the patient are crucial in establishing an affirmative course of therapy. Notes such as the outcome of the operation will reflect the desire of the patient and relatives. Before the surgical procedure on the patient, the complete blood count test is done as we ll as the blood type and cross matching to ensure the availability of blood for replacement during and after the surgery if there is a need. During the recovery period after the operation, the chief role of the nurse should be to assess the extent of pain felt by the patient and ways to alleviate it (Hinkle, 2014). Discomfort due to the surgical procedure ought to be curbed to enable the patient maneuver the therapeutic environment with ease. In the case of Lucy, the pain scale indicates it is 8 out of ten which can be termed as severe. This can be because there was an incision made and no pain relieving medication has been provided. Thus the nurse should administer not only the pain relieving medications but also the other prescribed drugs. The vital signs, as well as the surgical site, should be monitored for appearance, dehiscence, and drainage and any unexpected state should promptly be reported to the other team members for collaborative interventions. Before the patient resumes oral intake of medication and food, the gastrointestinal functioning should be confirmed through noting the presence of bowel sounds (Hinkle, 2014). However, at this state after surgery, the patients fluid intake and output should always be monitored since it has a direct impact on the fluid and electrolyte balance . For instance, Lucy has a blood pressure of 90/50 mmHg which is abnormally low. The respiratory rate is 26, slightly above the normal range. Related to it is the pulse rate of 126 beats per minute which is far much higher than the upper normal limit of pulse rate which should be 100 beats per minute. Tachypnea and tachycardia are physiological adjustments that occur in the body as compensatory mechanisms of the body to the reduced blood pressure to facilitate the supply of blood and oxygen to the vital organs especially the brain (Brady, 2014). This need may have been as a result of the anesthetic agent used or due to loss of fluid through bleeding during the surgery. This can be rectified through the administration of intravenous fluids. Her temperature is also 38.9 which is beyond the normal range. It is expected that post-surgery under general anesthesia, the patient should have a reduced body temperature (DiGiulio Keogh, 2014). This phenomenon can be associated with a bacteria l infection, and further laboratory tests should be done to ascertain the cause, but meanwhile, it should be stabilized by the use of both the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The therapeutic environment provided after the surgery must be vibrant so that management is escalated. For instance, effective communication is an essential requirement for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of the patient. The multidisciplinary team includes the anesthetist, the surgeons, physicians, nurses and general practitioners. According to Australian College of Operating Room Nurses (2014), the postoperative assessment is an extended role of nurses. They are an integral part of the perioperative process by providing a special link between the patient and the entire multidisciplinary team. Besides the roles above, they also work to identify the high-risk patients and institute laboratory investigations as well as refer them to other team members such as the physicians and anesthetists for further management. Numerous side effects culminate due to the various drug regimens that are used during the surgery. The anesthetists assume the central role in the coordination of the rest of the team members by determining the physiological status of the patient. They should review the patient after the surgery and provide a recommendation on the kind of interventions necessary for the patient. The surgeon and the physician identify and document the surgical site besides facilitating the signing of the consent form before the surgery (Timby Smith, 2014). The signing is done in the presence of the other team members after a patient demonstrates an understanding of nature of the operation to be done and the implications of the process. Adequate information must be received from the surgeon before the exercise. It paves the way for the execution of procedure during the post-recovery period. The nurse has a role of teaching the patient on the expectations during and after the surgery and the care modal ities that can be applied. The family members are supposed to be involved fully if available in the recovery of the patient and thus are also expected to be made aware of what to expect by the nurse. The surgeon and the physician should also perform daily reviews to note the progress of the patient and recommend on other interventions (Grace Grace, 2014). The vibrancy of the care that is accorded during post-operative period depends on the definitive interventions that are outlined by nurses and physicians. The discharge plan must involve a health education. Care of the surgical site is crucial in curbing reinfection. Cleaning and administration of antibiotics are the core procedures that affirm the goal. The patient ought to be made aware of the signs that necessitate a visit to the hospital. For instance, wound dehiscence and production of exudates must be addressed promptly. As pointed out by Hogan Gingrich (2014), counseling on health behavior is significant in ensuring that the status of the patient is maintained. Ingesting food materials that do not pose harm to the body makes systems to be vibrant. Strict adherence to medication regimens is essential in eradicating the pathology. The dosages and intervals must be known by the patient to prevent adverse ramifications during recuperation. References Australian College of Operating Room Nurses. (2014).2014-2015 ACORN standards for perioperative nursing: Including nurses roles, guidelines, position statements, competency standards. Adelaide, SA: ACORN. Bowen, W. H. (2015).Appendicitis. Place of publication not identified: Cambridge Univ Press. Brady, A.-M. (2014).Fundamentals of Medical-Surgical Nursing: A Systems Approach. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Buja, L. M., Netter, F. H., Krueger, G. R. F. (2014).Netter's Illustrated human pathology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. DiGiulio, M., Keogh, J. E. (2014).Medical-surgical nursing demystified. New York: McGraw-Hill Education Medical. Grace, P. J., Grace, P. J. (2014).Nursing ethics and professional responsibility in advanced practice. Burlington, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Hamlin, L., Richardson-Tench, M., Davies, M. (2011).Perioperative Nursing: An Introductory Text. London: Elsevier Health Sciences APAC. Hinkle, J. L. (2014).Clinical Handbook for Brunner Suddarth's textbook of medical-surgical nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Hogan, M. A. (2014).Nursing fundamentals. Boston: Pearson. Hogan, M. A., Gingrich, M. M. (2014).Pathophysiology. Boston: Pearson. Hogan, M. A., Dentlinger, N. C., Ramdin, V. (2014).Medical-surgical nursing. New York: Pearson. LeMone, P., Burke, K. M., Levett-Jones, T. (2013).Medical-Surgical Nursing VS. Sydney: Pearson Education Australia. Mogotlane, S. M., Mokoena, J., Chauke, M. E. (2006).Medical-surgical nursing. Cape Town: Juta. Rebeiro, G., In Hunter, C. (2013).Fundamentals of Nursing: Clinical skills workbook. Chatswood, New South Wales: Elsevier. Timby, B. K., Smith, N. E. (2014).Introductory medical-surgical nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. White, L., Baumle, W., Duncan, G. (2013).Medical-surgical nursing: An integrated approach. Australia: Delmar Cengage Learning.